As it celebrates its thirtieth anniversary of shaping African transport policies and developing capacity, the Africa Transport Policy Program (SSATP) continues to tackle key challenges that Africa must overcome to adapt to global trends. Among the critical issues hindering African transport development, the top priorities are the unacceptably high rates of road fatalities, the unprecedented rate of urbanization, and the highest transport costs in the world. The Third Development Plan (DP3, 2015–18), which is under implementation, is aimed at fostering knowledge creation and sharing with countries in order to make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient, and sustainable. The purpose of this report is to update the members, partners, and Executive Committee of SSATP on the status of implementation of the first year of the Third Development Plan (DP3). In accordance with the reporting requirements, this annual report covers the period January–December 2016. It also includes the plans for the coming years to ensure that the objectives set for the program will be achieved. This book is arranged as follows: Chapter 2 provides an overview of DP3 and how it addresses the current challenges of transport in Africa, and also summarizes the governance structure of the program as a critical parameter of its success. Chapter 3 highlights the emphasis put on ownership and partnership to kick-start program implementation. Chapter 4 then reports on the status of implementation, including progress toward achieving the development outcomes. Finally, chapter 5 provides detailed financial figures, and chapter 6 discusses the way forward during the remaining years of implementation. The appendixes present more details in the form of tables and figures on pillar activities and the program’s financial status, an update on the status of the Executive Committee Retreat recommendations, and a brief summary of the French translation of two recent SSATP publications.